; Richard of Bedford and Mary of Bedford Jean de Brosse, Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. Son of Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun, Countess of Derby Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 24. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, 10. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Yolande was a strong early supporter of Joan of Arc, arranged Arthurs appointment as Constable of France, and deployed a female spy ring in Lorraine, Burgundy, Brittany and Charless court. He became the Lord Protector during Johns long absences in France. [citation needed], There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham[11] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. . Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. Contents 1 Life account 2 In literature 3 Titles, styles, honours and arms 3.1 Arms 4 Ancestry 5 References This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. Bedford defeated the French several times, most notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. Biography. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. He had no legitimate surviving issue. Collapse. In 1988, Breton nationalists erected a statue in his honour on the site. In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, 14. 3 p. 726. 16 Jan. 2023 . However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. A son of Sir William Brandon, standar, duke. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389-14 September 1435) was the third son of Henry IV of England and brother to King Henry V of England.He was one of the leading English commanders during the Hundred Years' War.. Select from premium John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford of the highest quality. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. Johns first wife Anne of Burgundy gave the book to young Henry VI for Christmas in 1430 (I wonder how the grandchildren would react to a beautifully hand painted devotional text rather than the usual jigsaws, board games and selected Disney dvds). He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. [S14] #236 Encyclopdie gnalogique des maisons souveraines du monde (1959-1966), Sirjean, Gaston, (Paris: Gaston Sirjean, 1959-1966), FHL book 944 D5se., vol. Catherine of Valois or Catherine of France (27 October 1401 - 3 January 1437) was Queen of England from 1420 until 1422. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. 19 volumes. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. Pernoud, Rgine. The Oxford Companion to British History. [S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. In the Bedford Book of Hours [7] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. The Oxford Companion to British History. Duke of Bedford. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford or John of Lancaster (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) of the House of Lancaster An English nobleman of the House of Lancaster was the third son of Henry IV of England and Mary of Beauchamp, brother of Henry V of England and uncle of Henry VI of England. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]), William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (left). Marburg: J.A. The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. 16567. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. [citation needed], There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham[11] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. The Bretons were so moved by the impoverished state of Jeans son Jean II that Nicole de Chtillon-Blois married him on 18 June 1437, bringing a large dowry that was vastly supplemented when she inherited the fabulously wealthy County of Penthievre in Brittany. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. 9 volumes. . Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, pages 70,72. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. Unfortunately, he was left with such an impossible situation to deal with in France, but dealt with it to the best of his abilities. ." Bedford then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI in Paris. However it fell to John to continue the English campaign in France despite the fact that he had been named Regent. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20). English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign . Partner of NN NN, Mistress or Mistresses Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. ." 189 related topics. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [8] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Arthur was with Joan at Patay, and after her death he did the English even more damage than she had, driving the English out of Normandy. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. He married Anne of Burgundy (1404-1432) 1423 JL in Amiens. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Definitions of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, analogical dictionary of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (English) In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. Joan of Arc was heavily supported by Yolande of Aragon and Arthur of Brittany, neither of whom receives the credit they deserve. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[4]. John was the third son and he was followed by Humphrey. On 28 July 1488, Jacquettas 12th child and 6th son, Sir Edward Woodville, Lord Scales, led the vanguard of the Breton army of Duke Francis II at the disastrous Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier against a French army equipped with massed cannons. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). 16567. Humphrey Gloucester, duke of, 13911447, English nobleman; youngest son of Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. The king renewed the Hundred Years War with France in 1415 and Bedford played a large part in the proceedings in support of his brother. Yolande taught Margaret etiquette, literature and accounting: had she married a sane king, Margaret would have been a great asset to England. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers [citation needed], Several authoritative sources are cited by the. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. When John of Lancaster 1st Duke of Bedford was born on 20 June 1389, in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England, his father, Henry IV, was 22 and his mother, Mary de Bohun, was 21. Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. Welcome back. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. Johns eldest brother was Henry of Monmouth who went on to become King Henry V after a dissolute youth causing his father Henry IV despair (refer to Shakespeare Henry IV Part One and Part Two for a full litany of drinking, gambling and womanising along with princely reformation). In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. John (given name) 1389 births 1435 deaths Knights of the Garter House of Lancaster Dukes of Bedford People of the Hundred Years' War Deaths in Rouen Non-topical/index: Uses of Wikidata Infobox Uses of Wikidata Infobox with no family name Uses of Wikidata Infobox with unknown country category Men by name People by name Deceased people by name After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. When John's eldest brother Henry was crowned as Henry V in 1413, John was given a number of important responsibilities and was awarded several titles, most importantly, the Duchy of Bedford. In June 1433, Jean died penniless and in debt. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. She went on to have sixteen children and the knight became the first Earl Rivers for his services to Henry VI and his queen Margaret of Anjou. Refusing to surrender to be ransomed, Edward was killed with his men. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Stargardt, 1953-1978), FHL book 940 D5f; FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. [S7] #44 Histoire de la maison royale de France anciens barons du royaume: et des grands officiers de la couronne (1726, reprint 1967-1968), Saint-Marie, Anselme de, (3rd edition. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. Error rating book. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical p. Johns died at Rouen in 1435 during negations with the Burgundians who were breaking their alliance with the English to make a separate peace with the French. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. [S23] #849 Burke's Guide to the Royal Family (1973), (London: Burke's Peerage, c1973), FHl book 942 D22bgr., p. 202. pp. 146 relations. [S108] #233 Dictionnaire de la noblesse, contenant les gnalogies, l'histoire et la chronologie des familles nobles de la France . Prince John first appears in 1 Henry IV where he fights for his father at the Battle of Shrewsbury. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. She was burned for witchcraft in 1431 the French king who owed her his crown didnt lift a finger to help her. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. [S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. He was born in 1389. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Learn how your comment data is processed. Elizabeth Woodville suggested amendments to one of Anthonys books and may have also been a patron of Caxtons. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. Paris: Schlessinger frres, 1863-1877), FHL microfilms 661873-661882., p. 834. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. Not that this stopped Humphrey from dabbling in politics in an attempt to destabilize Johns alliances with other European magnates. He was born in 1389. . Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. Throughout the next several years, the English, under Bedford's command, made significant gains in conquering the remainder of France. Medieval Family History Unit, (Manuscript. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England. The Oxford Companion to British History. Between 1403 and 1405 grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. 11 T 26. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. In 1416, Henry Grey Suffolk, Duke of, d. 1554 English! On 12 October 1399 at his father 's reign not that this stopped Humphrey dabbling... 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